12 multiple-choice questions, progressively harder.
Which set of proposed lengths can form a nondegenerate triangle?
Solution
Correct answer: C
Check positivity first, then add the two shorter sides and compare with the longest.
The 23-unit option is flat, the 24-unit option leaves a gap, and the zero-length option fails the positivity check.
The sides of a triangle measure 5.4 m, 7.6 m, and 9.8 m. What is its semiperimeter?
Correct answer: A
The perimeter is 22.8 m. The semiperimeter is half of that total.
Two rods measure 14 cm and 18 cm. A third rod measures 32 cm. What happens when you try to make a triangle?
Correct answer: D
The shorter lengths total exactly the longest length.
The two shorter rods must stretch in a straight line to meet. A nondegenerate triangle requires a strict inequality.
Three positive lengths aaa, bbb, and ccc pass the strict triangle inequality. What does the factor s−bs-bs−b measure?
Correct answer: B
Start with half the perimeter. The difference subtracts just one copy of side bbb from that half.
A triangle has side lengths 12, 17, and 23 units. Which product belongs under the square root in Heron's formula?
The side lengths are positive and 29 is greater than 23. Half the perimeter is 26 units.
Multiply those three differences by 26.
Why is the factor s−cs-cs−c positive in a nondegenerate triangle?
Twice the factor equals the combined length of aaa and bbb, less ccc.
The strict triangle inequality makes the right side positive.
The triangle shown has sides 15 cm, 15 cm, and 18 cm. What is its exact area?
The sides are positive and the two shorter sides total 30 cm, more than 18 cm. The semiperimeter is 24 cm, so the differences are 9 cm, 9 cm, and 6 cm.
An exact area is 7137\sqrt{13}713 square centimeters. Which report gives it to the nearest tenth of a square centimeter?
The radical evaluates to about 25.239. The hundredths digit is 3, so keep the tenths digit 2.
A panel has side lengths 9 cm, 10 cm, and 13 cm. Its semiperimeter is 16 cm. What is the exact area?
The positive shorter sides total 19 cm, which exceeds 13 cm. The differences from 16 cm are 7 cm, 6 cm, and 3 cm.
Three pieces are recorded as 12 m, 950 cm, and 14 m. What should you do before checking the strict triangle inequality or applying Heron's formula?
Use a common unit so the lengths can be added or compared. Convert 950 cm to meters.
In meters the three lengths are 12, 9.5, and 14.
A triangle has area 102 square units. What is the perpendicular height to its 17-unit side?
Use 17 as the base and measure the height in the same units.
What algebraic identity turns a squared difference of the form X2−Y2X^2-Y^2X2−Y2 into two factors in the derivation?
When you multiply the sum and difference, the two middle terms cancel.
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