12 multiple-choice questions, progressively harder.
Two similar polygons have perimeter ratio 7:3\sqrt7:37:3, in that order. What is their area ratio in the same order?
Solution
Correct answer: D
Perimeter ratios equal corresponding length ratios. Square both terms for area.
Two similar images of one original polygon use length factors 2/32/32/3 and 5/65/65/6. What is the first-image to second-image area ratio?
Correct answer: B
The first-to-second length factor is (2/3)/(5/6)(2/3)/(5/6)(2/3)/(5/6), or 4/54/54/5.
Similar polygons have original area 49 cm249\text{ cm}^249 cm2 and image area 196 cm2196\text{ cm}^2196 cm2. An original side is xxx cm and its corresponding image side is (x+4)(x+4)(x+4) cm. What is the positive value of xxx?
Correct answer: C
The area factor is 444, so the positive length factor is 222. The matching side expressions must have that factor.
A similar image has length factor 5/35/35/3 and area 128 cm2128\text{ cm}^2128 cm2 greater than the original. What is the image area?
Correct answer: A
For original area AAA square cm, the excess area factor is 25/9−125/9-125/9−1, or 16/916/916/9.
A simple polygon is resized by length factor 3/53/53/5, then its image is resized by length factor 5/45/45/4. What is the final-to-original area factor?
Multiply the length factors before squaring.
A similar image has 125%125\%125% more area than the original. What number multiplies an original length to give its corresponding image length?
An increase of 125%125\%125% means an image with 225%225\%225% of the original area, giving area factor 9/49/49/4.
Similar polygons have original area 52 cm252\text{ cm}^252 cm2, image area 117 cm2117\text{ cm}^2117 cm2, and image perimeter 696969 cm. What is the original perimeter?
The area factor is 117/52117/52117/52, or 9/49/49/4, so the length factor is 3/23/23/2. Reverse it to return to the original perimeter.
A nonoverlapping triangle partition is carried through a similarity of positive length factor k. Which expression gives the image area if the original triangle areas are a, b, and c?
Every triangle, not just one, receives the squared area factor. Area addition gives
For similar polygons, the image perimeter is 1.11.11.1 times the original. Which image-area statement follows?
The length factor is 1.11.11.1, so the area factor is 1.211.211.21.
An area of 121%121\%121% of the original is an increase of 21%21\%21%.
A polygonal frame consists of an outer region of area 80 cm280\text{ cm}^280 cm2 with a polygonal hole of area 12 cm212\text{ cm}^212 cm2. The whole frame is resized by length factor 1/21/21/2. What is the area of the material in the image?
The original material area is 80−1280-1280−12, or 686868 square cm. Both the outer region and hole use area factor 1/41/41/4, so their difference does too.
Two nondegenerate triangles are known to be similar. Their corresponding altitudes have equal positive lengths. Which conclusion must hold?
Corresponding altitude lengths scale by the length factor. Equal positive altitudes force that factor to be 111.
The triangles therefore have the same shape and size, so they are congruent and have equal areas.
Similar polygons have original area 48 cm248\text{ cm}^248 cm2 and image area 147 cm2147\text{ cm}^2147 cm2. An image side is 353535 cm. What is the corresponding original side?
The area factor is 147/48147/48147/48, or 49/1649/1649/16, so the positive length factor is 7/47/47/4. Divide the image length by it.
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