12 multiple-choice questions, progressively harder.
Two angles are complementary. One angle is 10∘10^\circ10∘ more than the other. What is the measure of the larger angle?
Solution
Correct answer: B
Complementary angles sum to 90∘90^\circ90∘. Let the smaller be xxx, so the larger is x+10x + 10x+10.
x+(x+10)=90∘ ⟹ 2x=80∘ ⟹ x=40∘x + (x + 10) = 90^\circ \implies 2x = 80^\circ \implies x = 40^\circx+(x+10)=90∘⟹2x=80∘⟹x=40∘
The larger angle is 40∘+10∘=50∘40^\circ + 10^\circ = 50^\circ40∘+10∘=50∘.
In the figure, a ray rises from a point on a straight line, splitting the straight angle into two angles measuring (3x+10)∘(3x + 10)^\circ(3x+10)∘ and (2x−5)∘(2x - 5)^\circ(2x−5)∘, so the two angles form a linear pair. What is the measure of the first angle, (3x+10)∘(3x + 10)^\circ(3x+10)∘?
Correct answer: A
A linear pair is supplementary, so the two angles sum to 180∘180^\circ180∘.
(3x+10)+(2x−5)=180 ⟹ 5x=175 ⟹ x=35(3x + 10) + (2x - 5) = 180 \implies 5x = 175 \implies x = 35(3x+10)+(2x−5)=180⟹5x=175⟹x=35
The first angle is 3(35)+10=115∘3(35) + 10 = 115^\circ3(35)+10=115∘.
In the figure, two straight lines cross. The two marked angles are vertical angles (directly opposite each other), measuring (4x−10)∘(4x - 10)^\circ(4x−10)∘ and (3x+20)∘(3x + 20)^\circ(3x+20)∘. What is the measure of each angle?
Vertical angles are equal.
4x−10=3x+20 ⟹ x=304x - 10 = 3x + 20 \implies x = 304x−10=3x+20⟹x=30
Each angle is 4(30)−10=110∘4(30) - 10 = 110^\circ4(30)−10=110∘ (check: 3(30)+20=110∘3(30) + 20 = 110^\circ3(30)+20=110∘).
Two supplementary angles are in the ratio 2:32 : 32:3. What is the measure of the larger angle?
Correct answer: C
Supplementary angles sum to 180∘180^\circ180∘. Write the angles as 2k2k2k and 3k3k3k.
2k+3k=180∘ ⟹ 5k=180∘ ⟹ k=36∘2k + 3k = 180^\circ \implies 5k = 180^\circ \implies k = 36^\circ2k+3k=180∘⟹5k=180∘⟹k=36∘
The larger angle is 3(36)=108∘3(36) = 108^\circ3(36)=108∘.
In the figure, two parallel lines (matching chevrons) are cut by a transversal. The angle marked at the upper crossing measures 65∘65^\circ65∘, and xxx marks its corresponding angle at the lower crossing. What is the measure of xxx?
When parallel lines are cut by a transversal, corresponding angles are equal.
So x=65∘x = 65^\circx=65∘.
In the figure, two parallel lines (matching chevrons) are cut by a transversal. The interior angle marked at the upper crossing measures 115∘115^\circ115∘, and xxx marks its alternate interior angle at the lower crossing (on the opposite side of the transversal, between the lines). What is the measure of xxx?
Correct answer: D
When parallel lines are cut by a transversal, alternate interior angles are equal.
So x=115∘x = 115^\circx=115∘.
In the figure, three rays from a single point divide the full turn around it into three angles measuring x∘x^\circx∘, 2x∘2x^\circ2x∘, and 3x∘3x^\circ3x∘. What is the measure of the largest angle?
Angles around a point sum to 360∘360^\circ360∘.
x+2x+3x=360∘ ⟹ 6x=360∘ ⟹ x=60∘x + 2x + 3x = 360^\circ \implies 6x = 360^\circ \implies x = 60^\circx+2x+3x=360∘⟹6x=360∘⟹x=60∘
The largest angle is 3(60)=180∘3(60) = 180^\circ3(60)=180∘.
Two angles form a linear pair. Which statement must be true?
A linear pair is two adjacent angles whose non-shared sides form a straight line.
Their measures always add to 180∘180^\circ180∘, so they are supplementary; they need not be equal and cannot both be acute.
Angles AAA and BBB are supplementary. Which statement is true?
Supplementary only means the two measures add to 180∘180^\circ180∘; the angles can be anywhere.
So they need not form a linear pair, need not be equal, and need not each be 90∘90^\circ90∘ (for example 120∘120^\circ120∘ and 60∘60^\circ60∘).
The complement of an angle is 35∘35^\circ35∘. What is the supplement of that same angle?
First find the angle from its complement, then its supplement.
angle=90∘−35∘=55∘,supplement=180∘−55∘=125∘\text{angle} = 90^\circ - 35^\circ = 55^\circ, \qquad \text{supplement} = 180^\circ - 55^\circ = 125^\circangle=90∘−35∘=55∘,supplement=180∘−55∘=125∘
In the figure, four rays from a single point divide the full turn around it into four angles measuring 2x∘2x^\circ2x∘, 3x∘3x^\circ3x∘, 4x∘4x^\circ4x∘, and 3x∘3x^\circ3x∘. What is the measure of the largest angle?
2x+3x+4x+3x=360∘ ⟹ 12x=360∘ ⟹ x=30∘2x + 3x + 4x + 3x = 360^\circ \implies 12x = 360^\circ \implies x = 30^\circ2x+3x+4x+3x=360∘⟹12x=360∘⟹x=30∘
The largest angle is 4(30)=120∘4(30) = 120^\circ4(30)=120∘.
In the figure, two straight lines cross. Angle AAA and angle BBB are vertical angles, with angle A=50∘A = 50^\circA=50∘. Angle CCC is adjacent to angle BBB along the line, forming a linear pair with it. What is the measure of angle CCC?
Vertical angles are equal, so angle B=50∘B = 50^\circB=50∘. A linear pair is supplementary.
C=180∘−50∘=130∘C = 180^\circ - 50^\circ = 130^\circC=180∘−50∘=130∘
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